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now we have here with us and in mission

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control uh the lead increment scientists

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for expedition 39 and 40. uh yuri guinea

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gennard ramirez who is again the lead

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scientist for these both expeditions and

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uh she's going to tell us a little bit

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about what has been going on for

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expedition 39 and what we can look

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forward to in expedition 30. thanks so

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much for joining us

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thank you very much brandi uh it's great

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to be here again talking about the

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science we're doing during increments 39

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and 40.

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first of all

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we had a very challenging first

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increment with a lot of

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systems vehicle

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issues that had to be dealt with

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but we were still able to accomplish

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great things during increment 39

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one of the

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investigations that was fairly new for

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us so brand new for us was jaxa's hybrid

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muscle training okay and uh we

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successfully completed that

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investigation with commander koichi

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wakata

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performing these measurements this

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investigation as you can see there's a

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picture there of the device it's

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a much smaller way of exercising

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and when

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we take the knowledge that we're gaining

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from the ability to exercise with a much

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smaller combination of equipment it

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allows us to possibly expand uh to

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future

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uh planetary incursions with a much less

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bulky equipment to have to carry around

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to maintain the health of our astronauts

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and our crew so by using that kind of

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patch on the elbow that we just saw that

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lets the crew exercise how does that

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work essentially it's a

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electrical impulses are

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delivered into the muscles and you have

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your eccentric and concentric concentric

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muscles as you move in and out in this

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case they use

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curls

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as a movement and as the crew member is

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exercising with the curls the electrical

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impulses are delivered into the muscle

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and

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they're taking measurements to see how

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well that preserves

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and conditions the muscle and we will

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have our last

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data collection after the crew member

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comes home with their their final post

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flight bdc as they call it uh for our

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collection down on the ground they'll

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measure the bulk of the muscle and and

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how well the strength

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uh and the toning worked and we'll see

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if this was a successful

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endeavor to help us you know incursion

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more into more compact devices and ways

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to exercise and this can be translated

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to

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possibilities like

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folks that may be bedridden that can't

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necessarily get out of bed and exercise

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you might be able to

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help apply some of these counter

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measurement

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devices to to help

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prevent muscle loss

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uh here on earth if we can path find

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that

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for the future so it's exciting okay so

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that's an example of one that's ending

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with expedition 39 as it ends

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is that the case very often or is there

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a big changeover as one expedition ends

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and another begins

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there certainly is uh

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there's a variety of of disciplines of

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course that we research in the human

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research category um we definitely have

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a very strong correlation to our crew

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members because we these experiments are

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essentially

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performed on the human body

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so you are tied to that crew member for

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that so that that marks a very a big

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correlation to our human research

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footprint there are other types of

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investigations that

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are obviously facility driven and we

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have

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plant experiments and other microbiology

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experiments and crystal growth

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and and so on that are not

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tied to to the expedition so switching a

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crew member

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it really isn't necessarily a direct

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impact as much as with the human

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research well how do you go about um

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i guess prioritizing experiments

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planning around these changeovers and

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you know as you mentioned

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operational

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so we have

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a multilateral

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forum with irt and this

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continues we

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work together uh

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very very uh early on the process

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starting with the rpwg and putting

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together the complement and as we get

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closer through the irt multilaterally we

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continue discussing the priorities for

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all the different partners and all the

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different investigations

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i can tell you this first increment has

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been challenging because we have to

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consider

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the human research aspects of of an

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investigation when the crew member comes

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home that's our last opportunity to

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collect that data

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and we have that window closing if you

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would

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and then we had spacex 3 overlapping

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with that

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which had a lot of time critical

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investigations that delivered

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time-sensitive

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research that had to be done within a

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certain amount of time

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so that's where we put together all

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these different

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constraints and make sure that we can

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meet

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everybody's timing needs and and of

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course the balance to to not um

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forget about the other investigations

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that may be a little more flexible but

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uh they're still important nonetheless

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sure well you mentioned hybrid training

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is one of the ones that went on during

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expedition 39 what are some of the other

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new and exciting things that y'all that

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y'all got started during this past

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we certainly had a very large compliment

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arriving with space63 and

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that

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would take uh quite a bit to go through

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all of them it's difficult to choose but

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we did have

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uh one exciting investigation called

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t-cell actin aging that came with uh

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spacex 3

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and this was a very quick

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activation that had to happen after the

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arrival of spacex 3 and this will help

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us understand better um

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immune uh impacts on the on the body due

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to space flight t-cell activation

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t-cell act in aging actin aging and what

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how did how does that work essentially

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they're looking at um

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folks folks were started to notice a

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trend uh you know i think they look back

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at some of the early space program

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flights and realized that

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close to 50 of the crew members that

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went on those apollo missions had an

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infection developed either

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uh during the flight or within a week

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after returning

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so that got some folks

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interested in that aspect and they

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started to study and they realized that

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microgravity has an impact on your

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immune system as a whole so

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they flew these particular t cells which

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are part of your immune system

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to try to understand a little bit better

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how does microgravity affect that

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function and uh we'll be looking forward

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to the results when spacex 3 comes back

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and see what we learned

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okay well i know you've got some

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interesting stuff planned for expedition

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40 as well i think opel's is maybe one

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of the ones we've heard about can you

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tell us a little bit about that

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yes definitely brandi switching gears to

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the external

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side of the house we have the

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international space station it's a it's

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a great platform to observe

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not only the cosmos and the universe but

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also back at our planet in in

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there's different kinds of

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investigations we have

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opals was delivered with spacex iii

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and we've

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initiated the checkout for that

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investigation and we'll be looking

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forward to do the actual science

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involved with it in this case

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we are exploring

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to gain a little more understanding of

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communication via

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laser so we'll be able to

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transmit more data

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rather than with traditional weight

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radio waves through through the laser

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it's optical communications and

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this particular

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device opals will

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lock uh when the space station is flying

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over the jpl it will lock in it's the

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laboratory one of the nasa centers in

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california yes thank you uh it will lock

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in uh communications with the opel's

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device then that ground station will

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sync up and once it's locked it will

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transmit data through the laser it's

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very sci-fi it sounds like a movie it

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does doesn't it it's like ooh

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communication via laser lots of fun

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stuff going on onboard the space station

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and actually that reminds me um i think

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one of the other life sciences

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experiments that's coming up is called

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force shoes is that right yes

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i mean that sounds interesting

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i can think of a nickname or two yes

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four shoes that

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interestingly enough is uh another human

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research investigation

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and we have as mentioned a lot of

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exercise devices on station to try to

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keep the crew conditioned and properly

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preventing the the muscle atrophy that

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happens during microgravity

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the force shoes uh is is a device that

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will measure

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um the dynamic loads as the crew member

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exercises

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essentially we had an a red which is one

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of the resistive exercise devices

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currently doesn't have the functionality

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to

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the force impacting so with these four

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shoes we should be able to collect the

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where we would use those for shoes yes

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why is the load information important

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because it will help

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the

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community understand how to better

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fine-tune that exercise protocol

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so as you exercise you are better

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able to understand do these more these

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exercises more less of that kind

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and the forces will translate to help um

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so you can kind of perfect exactly what

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you need them to do to stay healthy in

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space exactly and fine tune that and i

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could see applications in

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on earth sure for the same uh for the

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same

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capability for us to to fine-tune our

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workouts all right well i think we'll be

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uh hearing a little bit more about that

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later in the week when we have another

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cast come speak with us but before we go

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any other um uh experiments that you

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well we

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we have uh several happening as we

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mentioned is a very large complement

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profile we did um

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initiate uh hdev uh recently also with

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the space63 and that will continue

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that's high definition viewing of the

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earth

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we've got some attention i think a lot

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of people were interested in that i

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think it's it's generated some interest

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uh with the downlinks and and that's

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great to see the the beauty of the

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planet being broadcast to the entire

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world to be able to just click on it and

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look at it that's that is exciting that

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is very very exciting

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um

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during increment 40 we'll continue with

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some of that we also have a lot of work

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ahead with robonaut 2. we have

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legs coming for the robonaut right so

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we'll be looking forward to

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atta

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the the legs speaking of science fiction

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and going keeping with our science theme

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science fiction theme

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and check out some of the mobility

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capabilities for robonaut

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we'll have

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other investigations with the orb 2

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arrival

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we will continue our cubesat deployers

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okay then our cubesat deployers will

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bring a suite of satellites uh to

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continue uh exploring the that

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capability and

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we're looking forward to orb 2

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delivering a few i think the image right

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now um we'll showing the orb one set of

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satellites and deployment of one of the

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satellites there so we're looking

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forward to more okay more of those well

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it sounds like there's lots to look

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forward to and probably will be hearing

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more from you in the future

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thanks so much for joining us again this

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is yuri ganart ramirez who is the lead

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increment scientist for expedition 39

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and 40 and again 39 wrapping up today

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with the

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departure of the soyuz tma-11m with its

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crew member going back to earth to land

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in kazakhstan

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this evening

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that's all for now we'll go back to our